Bitcoin
Trump begins talks on Bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset
LAS VEGAS, NEVADA – Trump’s embrace of digital assets during the election campaign has brought a new focus to … [+] the role bitcoin can play as a strategic reserve asset (Photo by David Becker/Getty Images)
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“We want all remaining Bitcoin to be made in the US!”
In a Social Truth publish Last month, Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump expressed strong support for bitcoin. In the same post, he acknowledged the geopolitical importance of the world’s largest cryptocurrency, warning that any policy that seeks to harm bitcoin “only helps China and Russia.” Trump’s statement not only positioned him as the first pro-bitcoin nominee from a major political party — it also put the spotlight on discussions about whether to classify bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset.
These discussions are gaining traction in political circles thanks to bitcoin-friendly political leaders. Former presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy, for example, has been advising President Trump on bitcoin and digital assets since January. Ramaswamy took a unique stance in the final weeks of his campaign by proposing that the dollar be backed by a basket of commodities that could eventually include bitcoin.
Ramaswamy’s plan echoed a similar plan proposal by independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr., in which a small percentage of U.S. Treasury securities “would be backed by hard currency, gold, silver, platinum or bitcoin.” The intention behind Ramaswamy and Kennedy’s proposals is to curb inflation by pegging the dollar to deflationary assets that maintain their value over time.
Senator Cynthia Lummis, the “Crypto Queen” of Congress, is another proponent of using bitcoin to improve the nation’s finances. In February 2022, she suggested that the Federal Reserve diversify the $40 billion in foreign currencies it holds on its balance sheet by adding bitcoin. And it continues to see benefits in keeping the digital currency as part of the nation’s financial portfolio.
Following Trump’s post alluding to bitcoin’s growing political importance, I asked Senator Lummis about her perspective on the ongoing discussions surrounding bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset. Senator Lummis seems to be interested in the idea. In her own words: “Bitcoin is an incredible store of value, and I certainly see the benefits of our country diversifying its investments.”
Trump, Lummis, Kennedy and Ramaswamy represent a new crop of policymakers who are open to the potential of bitcoin as a tool of economic governance.
So how could the United States leverage a digital commodity like bitcoin to strengthen its own fiscal health and geopolitical position?
Leveraging Bitcoin as a Strategic Reserve Asset
To help answer that question, I reached out to Alex Thorn, head of enterprise research at Galaxy Digital. Thorn has written extensively about the impact bitcoin could have on the global financial system. And he sees merit in the idea of bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset.
“As a decentralized global commodity currency with robust properties, bitcoin will undoubtedly play an increasing role in geopolitics and international trade,” Thorn said. “What began as hobbyists using their home computers has escalated to industrial manufacturing, institutional portfolios and corporate balance sheets. There is every reason to believe that bitcoin’s network layer will expand further to include nation states.”
Here’s the logic behind Thorn’s thinking: As with any scarce commodity — be it oil, gold, or rare earth minerals — countries often engage in fierce competition with one another to secure the lion’s share of the resource. And as one of the scarcest commodities on planet Earth, there’s little reason to believe bitcoin would be any different, especially if its value continues to rise as many financial analysts expect.
As an example, Jurrien Timmer, Fidelity’s head of global macro, described bitcoin as “exponential gold.” If it reached parity with the current market value of gold, a single bitcoin would be worth approximately $700,000 — more than ten times its value today. The potential for such stratospheric returns makes it all the more attractive for sovereigns to accumulate bitcoin now, rather than waiting for other countries to do so first.
Despite the lack of any coherent strategy for bitcoin, the United States is currently leading the digital gold rush. It is the largest nation-state holder of bitcoin, having seized most of its bitcoin hoard from illicit actors over the past decade. The country also boasts the largest number of network nodes, hashrate, and mindshare for bitcoin of any country in the world. And if Trump were to win in November, the nation would have its first pro-bitcoin president.
These factors put the United States in a strong position to become the MicroStrategy of nations, should that be a policy priority for a future administration.
Case Studies: MicroStrategy and El Salvador
MicroStrategy is a legacy technology company that was in decline in the 2010s. But it catapulted itself back to relevance in August 2020 after announcing that it had begun accumulating bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset.
Since that announcement, MicroStrategy’s stock price has increased by more than 900%, and it is now the largest corporate holder of bitcoin in the world. The company currently holds 226,000 bitcoins in total — more than the United States or any other country.
Some financial policymakers are now wondering whether MicroStrategy’s success can be replicated at the nation-state level. El Salvador serves as a compelling beta test for such a strategy.
In 2021, El Salvador’s President Nayib Bukele declared bitcoin legal tender and announced that the country would begin purchasing bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset. El Salvador is up about 50% on the bitcoin it bought in preparation for the bull market. And President Bukele has made clear his intentions to hold bitcoin for the long term. In his own words: “We won’t sell, of course. In the end, 1 BTC = 1 BTC.”
Scaling the MicroStrategy Handbook
One way the United States could leverage bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset would be by following the example of MicroStrategy and El Salvador.
As the largest holder of bitcoin among nation-states, the United States already has a head start on other countries in accumulating digital gold. But classifying — and then treating — bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset would kickstart the bitcoin race among nation-states.
As Alex Thorn explained, “Simple game theory dictates that adoption by one nation requires that other nations consider the same, whether friend or foe.”
This game theory would only accelerate if the United States—the world’s richest nation and home to global capital—were the first developed country to begin accumulating bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset. Such a move would accelerate the global acceptance of bitcoin as a long-term savings instrument and a form of digital gold. In this scenario, the United States would enjoy the largest windfall of profits among OECD countries as a result of maintaining its first-mover advantage.
Weighing the pros and cons
Of course, as with any bold strategy, there are always tradeoffs. To get a broader sense of the pros and cons of adopting bitcoin as a strategic reserve asset, I reached out to Matthew Pines, a national security fellow at the Bitcoin Policy Institute.
Among the pros, Pines said that such a move “could position the United States well against authoritarian challengers (who may be considering their own asset diversification and hedging strategies), while also signaling that it intends to lead emerging open digital financial networks.”
But among the cons: “This strategy would face substantial challenges, including regulatory hurdles, introducing additional uncertainty into the U.S. Treasury market (even though it can serve as a gold-like substitute for tangible assets on the national balance sheet), and political opposition that could undermine its sustainability.”
Pairing Bitcoin and Stablecoins
However, policymakers could mitigate uncertainty in the US Treasury bond market by combining a bitcoin adoption strategy with robust promotion of dollar-based stablecoins.
Stablecoin providers are now the 18th largest holder of US debt, containment approximately $120 billion in U.S. Treasury notes. To put that number into perspective, stablecoin providers currently hold more U.S. Treasuries than some of the United States’ largest trading partners, including Germany and South Korea. Furthermore, brokerage firm Bernstein predict that the stablecoin market will grow exponentially over the next decade, reaching a total market value of $3 trillion by 2028.
As former Speaker of the House Paul Ryan he wrote In The Wall Street Journal last month, USD stablecoins could create unprecedented demand for US Treasurys and even avert a debt crisis. According to Ryan, it’s up to US policymakers to see stablecoins for what they are: a generational opportunity to expand dollarization and strengthen the Treasury market.
A holistic digital asset strategy is essential to achieving this goal. Such a strategy would seek to increase demand for U.S. debt through stablecoins, while strengthening the nation’s overall balance sheet through bitcoin.
A robust balance sheet driven by bitcoin in the early stages of nation-state adoption would only increase the resilience of the American economy. And a stronger economy would only increase confidence in Treasury notes backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. government. With this strategy, policymakers could therefore lay the foundation for an unexpected future—one in which bitcoin and the dollar grow together.
Bitcoin
Grayscale Unveils Bitcoin Mini Trust ETF
Bitcoin Currency
Grayscale Investments The Bitcoin Mini Trust began trading on Wednesday with a 0.15% expense ratio, offering a lower-cost option for bitcoin exposure in the market.
The Mini Trust, which has the symbol BTC and trades on NYSE Arca, is structured as a spin-off of the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (GBTC). New shares will be distributed to existing GBTC shareholders with the fund contributing a portion of its bitcoin holdings to the new product. According to a company press releaseBTC’s S-1 registration statement became effective last week.
“The Grayscale team has believed in the transformative potential of Bitcoin since the initial launch of GBTC in 2013, and we are excited to launch the Grayscale Bitcoin Mini Trust to help further lower the barrier to entry for Bitcoin in an SEC-regulated investment vehicle,” said David LaValle, Senior Managing Director and Head of ETFs at Grayscale.
The Bitcoin Mini Trust’s debut comes amid growing interest in ETFs based on the current price of the two largest cryptocurrencies by market cap, bitcoin and ether. Spot bitcoin ETFs have generated nearly $18 billion in inflows since the first ones began trading on Jan. 11, though GBTC has lost nearly $19 billion in assets.
This fund differs from other funds because it is a conversion of an existing fund and has a 1.5% fee, the highest among spot bitcoin products that have received SEC approval this year.
Mini Bitcoin Trust Low Fee
On a Post X On Wednesday, Bloomberg senior ETF analyst Eric Balchunas noted the Bitcoin Mini Trust’s “lowest fee in the category…”
“[Important] to recognize how incredibly cheap 15bps is — about 10x cheaper than spot ETFs in other countries and other vehicles,” Balchunas wrote, adding that this pricing strategy reflects the competitive nature of the U.S. ETF market, which he referred to as the “ETF Terrordome.”
“This is what Terrordome does to fund [cost]. It reaches 1.5% [and] end in 0.15%, how to go from [a] country club to the jungle. But that’s why all the flows are here, investor paradise,” he noted.
Read more: Spot Bitcoin ETF Inflows Hit Daily High of Over $1 Billion
Bitcoin was recently trading at around $66,350, virtually flat since U.S. markets opened on Wednesday.
Grayscale also offers two spot Ethereum ETFs, the Grayscale Ethereum Trust (ETHE) and the Grayscale Ethereum (ETH) Mini Trustwhose performance is based on ETHE. ETHE outflows exceeded $1.8 billion in its first six days of trading, while ETH added more than $181 million in the same period, according to Farside. The remaining seven ETFs generated about $1.2 billion in inflows.
The story continues
Read more: Spot Ethereum ETFs Approved to Start Trading
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Bitcoin
Bitcoin (BTC) Price Drops Below $65K After FOMC as Middle East Tensions Rise
Cryptocurrencies fell sharply on Wednesday as rising geopolitical risks captivated investors’ attention following the conclusion of the Federal Reserve’s July meeting.
Bitcoin (BTC) fell to $64,500 from around $66,500, where it traded following Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell’s press conference and is down more than 2% in the past 24 hours. Major altcoins including ether (ETH)sunbathing (SUN)Avalanche AVAX (AVAX) and Cardano (ADA) also fell, while Ripple’s XRP saved some of its early gains today. The broad cryptocurrency market benchmark CoinDesk 20 Index was 0.8% lower than 24 hours ago.
The liquidation happened when the New York Times reported that Iran’s leaders have ordered retaliation against Israel over the killing of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in Tehran, raising the risk of a wider conflict in the region.
Earlier today, the Fed left benchmark interest rates unchanged and gave little indication that a widely expected rate cut in September is a given. The Fed’s Powell said that while no decision has been made on a September cut, the “broad sense is that we are getting closer” to cutting rates.
While digital assets suffered losses, most traditional asset classes rose higher during the day. U.S. 10-year bond yields fell 10 basis points, while gold rose 1.5% to $2,450, slightly below its record highs, and WTI crude oil prices rose 5%. Stocks also rallied during the day, with the tech-heavy Nasdaq 100 index rebounding 3% and the S&P 500 closing the session 2.2% higher, led by 12% gains in chipmaker giant Nvidia (NVDA).
The different performances across asset classes could be due to traders’ positioning ahead of the Fed meeting, Zach Pandl, head of research at Grayscale, said in an emailed note.
“Equities may have been slightly underutilized after the recent dip, while bitcoin is coming off a strong period with solid inflows, while gold has recovered after a period of weakness,” he said.
“Overall, the combination of Fed rate cuts, bipartisan focus on cryptocurrency policy issues, and the prospect of a second Trump administration that could advocate for a weaker U.S. dollar should be viewed as very positive for bitcoin,” he concluded.
UPDATE (July 31, 2024, 21:30 UTC): Adds grayscale comments.
Bitcoin
Donald Trump’s Cryptocurrency Enthusiasm Is Just Another Scam
Former US President Donald Trump spoke at the Libertarian National Convention in May and lent his a strong support to crypto: “I will also stop Joe Biden’s crusade to crush crypto. … I will ensure that the future of crypto and the future of bitcoin is made in the US, not taken overseas. I will support the right to self-custody. To the 50 million crypto holders in the country, I say this: With your vote, I will keep Elizabeth Warren and her henchmen out of your bitcoin.”
Former US President Donald Trump spoke at the Libertarian National Convention in May and lent his a strong support to crypto: “I will also stop Joe Biden’s crusade to crush crypto. … I will ensure that the future of crypto and the future of bitcoin is made in the US, not taken overseas. I will support the right to self-custody. To the 50 million crypto holders in the country, I say this: With your vote, I will keep Elizabeth Warren and her henchmen out of your bitcoin.”
Trump continued to court the cryptocurrency industry in the months that followed; he he appeared at the Bitcoin 2024 Conference in Nashville this week, along with independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s parting words to Trump — “Have fun with your bitcoin, your cryptocurrency and whatever else you’re playing with” — were less than enthusiastic, but the industry itself remains packed with ardent Trump supporters.
This turnaround came as a surprise, given Trump’s previous strong opposition to cryptocurrency. When Facebook was floating its Libra cryptocurrency in 2019, Trump tweeted: “I am not a fan of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, which are not money, and whose value is highly volatile and based on thin air.” Former national security adviser John Bolton’s White House memoir, The Room Where It Happened, quotes Trump as telling Treasury Secretary Steven Mnuchin: “Don’t be a trade negotiator. Go after Bitcoin.” [for fraud].” In 2021, Trump counted Fox Business that bitcoin “just looks like a scam. … I want the dollar to be the world’s currency.”
Why the change? There doesn’t seem to be any crypto votes. Trump’s “50 million” number comes from a poorly sampled push survey by cryptocurrency exchange Coinbase which claimed 52 million cryptocurrency users in the United States starting in February 2023. But one survey A survey conducted last October by the US Federal Reserve showed that only 7% of adults (about 18.3 million people) admitted to owning or using cryptocurrencies — down from 10% in 2022 and 12% in 2021. Many of these people are likely wallet owners who were left holding the bag after crypto plunged in 2022 — and are not necessarily new fans.
What Trump wants from the cryptocurrency industry is money. The cryptocurrency industry has already raised more than US$ 180 million to run in the 2024 US elections through his super PACs Fairshake, Defend American Jobs and Protect Progress.
Fairshake spent $10 million on taking Rep. Katie Porter in the primary battle for Dianne Feinstein’s California Senate seat by funding Porter’s pro-crypto rival Adam Schiff. This put $2 million to knock out Rep. Jamaal Bowman in the Democratic primary for New York’s 16th District in favor of pro-crypto George Latimer. In the Utah Senate Republican primary, Rep. John Curtis defeated Trent Staggs with the help of $4.7 million from Defend American Jobs. In Alabama’s House District 2, the majority of campaign expenses came from the cryptocurrency industry.
Fairshake is substantially financed by Coinbase, cryptocurrency issuer Ripple Labs, and Silicon Valley venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz, or a16z. Silicon Valley was awash in cryptocurrencies during the 2021 bubble, and a16z in particular continues to promote blockchain startups to this day — and still holds a huge amount of bubble crypto tokens that he wishes he could cash in on.
Many in Silicon Valley would like an authoritarian who they think will let them run wild with money — while bailing them out in tough times. Indeed, Trump promised Bitcoin 2024 participants that he hold all bitcoins that the United States acquires. (Never mind that it is usually acquired as the proceeds of crime.) Silicon Valley explicitly sees regulation of any kind as its greatest enemy. Three a16z manifestos — “Politics and the Future” It is “The Techno-Optimist Manifesto” and 2024 “The Small Tech Agenda—describe co-founders Marc Andreessen and Ben Horowitz’s demands for a technology-powered capitalism unhindered by regulation or social considerations. They name “experts,” “bureaucracy,” and “social responsibility” as their “enemies.” Their 2024 statement alleges that banks are unfairly cutting off startups from the banking system; these would be crypto companies funded by a16z.
Trump’s vice presidential pick, Senator J.D. Vance, is a former Silicon Valley venture capitalist. He was once employed by Peter Thiel, who bankrolled Vance’s successful 2022 Senate run; Vance has been described as a “Thiel creation”. He has increased support for the Trump ticket among his venture capital associates. Vance is a bitcoin holder and a frequent advocate of encryption. He recently released a draft bill to review how the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) control crypto assets. In 2023, he circulated a bill to prevent banks from cutting out cryptocurrency exchanges.
Minimal regulation has been tried before. It led to the wild exuberance of the 1920s, which ended with the Black Tuesday crash of 1929 and the Great Depression of the 1930s. Regulators like the SEC were put in place during this era to protect investors and transform the securities market from a jungle into a well-tended garden, leading to many prosperous and stable decades that followed.
Crypto provides the opposite of a stable and functional system; it is a practical example of how a lack of regulation allows opportunists and scammers to cause large-scale disasters. The 2022 Crypto Crash repeated the 2008 financial crisis in miniature. FTX’s Sam Bankman-Fried was feted as a financial prodigy who would perform economic miracles if you just gave him carte blanche; he ended up stealing billions of dollars of customers’ money, destroying the lives of ordinary people, and is now in a prison cell.
U.S. regulators have long been concerned about the prospect of cryptocurrency contagion to the broader economy. Criminal money laundering is rampant in cryptocurrency; even the Trump administration has made rules in December 2020 to reduce the risk of money laundering from crypto. Meanwhile, the crypto industry has persistently tried to infiltrate systemically risky corners of the economy, such as pension funds.
Four U.S. banks collapsed during the 2023 banking crisis, the first since 2020. Two of them, Silvergate Bank and Signature Bank, were deeply embedded in the crypto world — Silvergate in particular appears to have collapsed directly from its heavy reliance on FTX and failed a few months after that. Silicon Valley Bank was not involved in crypto but collapsed due to a run on the bench due to panic among venture capital deposit holders, particularly Thiel’s Founders Fund.
Project 2025the Heritage Foundation mammoth conservative wish list The plan, which Trump and Vance have both endorsed and tried to distance themselves from at various times, emphasizes the importance of party loyalists, noting especially financial regulation. The plan recommends replacing as much of the federal bureaucracy as possible with loyalists and “trusted” career officials rather than nonpartisan “experts.” Vance defended in 2021 that Trump should “fire every mid-level bureaucrat, every civil servant in the administrative state” and “replace them with our people.” Loyalty will likely trump competence.
Crypto is barely mentioned directly in Project 2025 — suggesting it has little active support among the broader conservative coalition. But near the end of the manifesto is a plan to dismantle most U.S. financial regulations and investor protections put in place since the 1930s, suggesting the exemption the crypto industry seeks from current SEC and CFTC regulations.
Bitcoin, the first cryptocurrency, started as an ideological project to promote a strange variant of Murray Rothbard’s anarcho-capitalism and the Austrian gold-backed economy—the kind we abandoned to escape the Great Depression. Crypto quickly co-opted the “end of the Fed” and “establishment elites” conspiracy theories of the John Birch Society and Eustace Mullins. It’s a way for billionaire capitalists like Thiel, Andreessen and Elon Musk to claim they’re not part of the so-called elite.
If a second Trump administration were to limp along with financial regulators and allow cryptocurrencies to have free rein, it could help foster the collapse of the U.S. economy that bitcoin claimed to prevent. But Trump is more likely to be happy to take the crypto money and run.
Bitcoin
Trump’s Bitcoin (BTC) Reserve Plan Seen as Just a ‘Small Token Stash’
Donald Trump’s recent promise to create a “strategic national stockpile of Bitcoin” may not turn out to be as big a commitment as the hype surrounding the announcement makes it seem.
“Trump’s proposal is extremely modest,” said George Selgin, director emeritus of the Center for Monetary and Financial Alternatives at the Cato Institutea Washington-based public policy group. “It doesn’t have much economic implication.”
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